Activity 3: Common Molecules, Structures and Names

1. Post a picture of three 3-dimensional Ball and Stick molecular models (choose your three favorite molecules) that you have created with common items around your home. Also post a molecular structure image (image from the web, of either a Kekule Structure or a Ball and Stick Model) and the IUPAC name of the molecule.

1.      IUPAC name: 2-Propane

Common name: Propane gas

Molecule formula: C₃H₆O

2.      IUPAC name: Isopropyl alcohol

Common name: Rubbing alcohol

Molecule formula: C₃H₈O

3.      IUPAC name: Propane

Common name: Propane gas

Molecule formula: C₃H₈

2. Post an image from the web, the chemical systematic (IUPAC) name, common name, and the molecule formula for 20 chemicals that you use or eat. Explore the ingredients of things like cosmetics and foods.

1.      IUPAC name: (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

Common name: Sucrose (Table sugar)

Molecule formula: C₁₂H₂₂O₁

 

2.      IUPAC name: Sodium chloride

Common name: Table salt

Molecule formula: NaCl

3.      IUPAC name: Water/Oxidane

Common name: Water

Molecule Formula: H₂O

 

4.      IUPAC name: Sodium hydrogen carbonate

Common Name: Baking soda

Molecule formula: NaHCO₃
 

5.      IUPAC name: 1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione
3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione

Common name: Caffeine

Molecule Formula: C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

 

6.      IUPAC name: Sodium Hypochlorite

Common name: Bleach

Molecule formula: NaOCl

7.      IUPAC name: Sodium fluoride

Common name: Sodium fluoride (used in toothpaste and mouthwash)

Molecule Formula: NaF

 

8.      IUPAC name: 2-Amino-4-(ethylcarbamoyl)butyric acid

Common name: Theanine (found in tea)

Molecule formula: C₇H₁₄N₂O₃

 

9.      IUPAC name: Propane

Common name: Propane gas

Molecule formula: C₃H₈

 

10.  IUPAC: Sodium Hydroxide

Common name: Lye

Molecule formula: NaOH

 

11.  IUPAC name: Ammonium chloride

Common name: Ammonium Chloride (an ingredient used in hair shampoo)

Molecule formula: NH₄Cl

 

12.  IUPAC name: Nitrocellulose

Common name: Nail polish

Molecule formula: C₂₀H₁₆N₄

 

13.  IUPAC name: 2-Propanone

Common name: Acetone/ Nail polish remover

Molecule Formula: C₃H₆O

14.  IUPAC name: Azane

Common name: Ammonia (used in cleaning supplies)

Molecule formula: NH₃

 

15.  IUPAC name: RS)-2-(4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl)propanoic acid

Common name: Ibuprofen

Molecule formula: C₁₃H₁₈O₂

16.  IUPAC name: Aluminium Chloride

Common name: Anitperspirant/Deodorant

Molecule formula: AlCl₃

 

17.  IUPAC name: 2-Oxo-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone-2,3-enediol or (R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-((S)- 1,2-dihydroxyethyl)furan-2(5H)-one

Common name: Vitamin C

Molecule name: C₆H₈O₆

 

18.  IUPAC name: Methoxymethane

Common name: Dimethyl ether (used in hairspray)

Molecule Formula: C₂H₆O

 

19.  IUPAC name: 4-Aminobenzoic acid

Common name: PABA (an active ingredient found in sun lotion)

Molecule formula: C₇H₇NO₂

 

20.  IUPAC name: Isopropyl alcohol

Common name: Rubbing alcohol

Molecule formula: C₃H₈O

 

3. Look over your molecules and the bonding characteristics, how many bonds does each of the following elements typically have?  Carbon? Hydrogen? Oxygen?

·         Carbon has four bonds, Hydrogen has one bond, and Oxygen has two bonds.

4. What does IUPAC stand for?

·         IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

5. As you explore ingredients, notice how everything around us is made up of chemicals consisting of atoms bound together into molecules.  But what about companies that claim their products are chemical free! How can this be?  

·         Although a product may say that they are chemical free, the truth is that they aren’t. Claiming to be “chemical free” is a way to get people to buy their products. “Chemical free” sounds more appealing, since most of the time when we think of chemicals, we think of something is hazardous. Therefore, being chemical free sounds much safer. Green Aussie Cleaner claims to be chemical free, but since it’s a cleaner, it has to contain some chemical in order to be used to clean floors, walls, mirrors, bathrooms, toilets, sinks, carpets stains, laundry, dishes, car shampoo and even pet shampoo.